Fish Factor

Fishing issues will take a back seat to budget cutting when the Alaska legislature convenes on January 19 for its 90-day session, but two early fish bills (and one hold-over) already are getting attention.

One new measure aims to stop the migration of fishing permits outside of the state.

We lost over 50 percent of our permits over the 1973

original issuance of permits,” said Robin Samuelsen of the Bristol Bay Economic Development Corporation (BBEDC), speaking at a two day Alaska Sea Grant workshop last week in Anchorage titled Fisheries Access: Charting the Future.

Forty years ago at Bristol Bay, 36 percent of the more than nearly 2,000 permits were held by locals and 64 percent by nonresidents. By 2013, the numbers were 19 percent local and 81 percent nonresident. Similar trends, by varying degrees, are happening in other regions as well.

Rep. Jonathan

Kriess-Tomkins (D-Sitka) said he intends to introduce a bill that would establish a permit bank to reverse the

outmigration trend. The bank would buy nonresident permits and lease them to young

fishermen who otherwise could not afford them. It would offer several types of fishing

permits (Alaska has 65) that would be proportional and reflective of regional fisheries. A permit bank would not cost the state any money, he said, because it would fall to local communities to raise the money.

“Rural Alaska communities are really struggling, and there aren’t a lot of solutions that get talked about for how you solve the underlying problem, which is creating economic

opportunity in rural Alaska,” Kreiss-Thomkins said, which was live streamed from the workshop. “I think this is a rare solution that we in the

legislature, and as Alaskans, can enact to help these communities.”

Samuelsen said the BBEDC is already sponsor permits for young fishermen and that a permit bank would help facilitate that effort.

A fish bill that has already been pre-filed would let Alaskans take fisheries enhancement efforts into their own hands. HB 220 by Representative David Talerico (R-Healy) would allow “fisheries enhancement permits” as a “tool to support Fish and Game.”

The permits would

allow people to take eggs, grow them into smolt and

release them wherever they want into the wild. The permit also would allow groups or individuals to “enhance habitat and augment nutrients” in state waterways to support

fish,” according to the bill language.

If many smaller facilities can do the work of a handful of larger, more costly facilities, it will help Alaska’s budget, Talerico told the Juneau Empire.

The enhancement permits also would be available to Native organizations and sportsmen’s groups, Talerico said, adding “Those guys

know how to raise money in a hurry.”

Another tool intended “to help fish managers” will

resurface this year – “The Alaskans-First Fishing Act,” which aims to give personal use (PU) fisheries a priority over sport and commercial users when restrictions are imposed to achieve a management goal. As it stands now, the three fisheries all are on equal footing in the eyes and actions of state managers.

The bill (SB 42) has been introduced during each of the last seven legislative sessions by Senator Bill Stolze, but has gone nowhere. (A duplicate law – HB110 – has been filed by Rep. Mark Neuman (R-Big Lake).

The bill states that “one thing all Alaskans can agree on is that we should have a

priority over people coming from elsewhere in the country and the world to utilize and

harvest our fisheries resources. Fisheries that are restricted to residents only are meant to enable Alaskans to access

their fisheries resources for their personal use and consumption.”

The United Fishermen of Alaska’s position on the

personal use issue has remained the same: the legislature should leave prioritization of fishery allocations to the Board of Fish and management to

the Department of Fish and Game.

Fish price places - The first thing any fisherman wants to know is fish prices. Usually, that information is tough to come by during a fishing season, as final prices aren’t settled until months after the catch is sold.

That’s a tough way to run a business. There are some helpful price resources, albeit after the fact.

Each April the state Dept. of Fish and Game provides

dock prices for 85 different fish species for the previous year, by gear type and region.

It’s called the Commercial Operator’s Annual Report, or COAR, compiled from inputs by Alaska fish buyers.

Here’s a 2014 sampler of prices for many of the species people seldom hear about.

The statewide average

herring price was 11 cents a pound. Octopus averaged 61 cents. Lingcod fetched $1.27 at the docks. Those billions of pounds of pollock in Alaska’s largest fishery averaged 15 cents a pound.

For 11 different kinds of

flatfish - rex sole was the priciest at 32 cents a pound. Those pesky arrowtooth flounder paid out at 6 cents. For Atka

mackerel, the average price was a dime, and 17 cents for perch. Big skates brought 45

cents a pound dockside, and wolf eels were 94 cents. Sea cucumbers averaged $4.02, and catches of smelt brought 46 cents.

The state tracks 22 different kinds of rockfish, with

yelloweye, or red snapper, the priciest at $1.31 a pound, and red stripe the cheapest at 14 cents.

The lowest priced fish of them all were sculpin and

yellowfin sole, each at 2 pennies a pound. The priciest Alaska catch listed was spot prawns paying Southeast Alaska fishermen $8.65 a pound.

For salmon, the state Dept. of Revenue three times a year provides first wholesale prices (what processors receive

when they sell the fish) for products including fresh, frozen, fillets, roe and canned for each Alaska region. It’s called the Alaska Salmon Price Report and is listed under the Tax Division.

Why should you care about fish prices if you’re far from the coast? With Alaska’s commercial catches coming in at between 5 to 6 billion pounds every year, adding just one penny per pound makes a difference of nearly one million dollars in landing taxes for the state and local governments each.

Ice sightings wanted - We’ve all seen images of fishing boats in the winter, where the rigging, wires and wheelhouse are literally turned into a solid block of ice. That freezing ocean spray and heavy icing can capsize a vessel in the blink of an eye.

Weather forecasters are in the fourth year of a project to fine tune NOAA’s Watches and Warnings about heavy freezing spray.

We’re trying to understand more about the dynamics and the atmospheric conditions, and even the types of boats that might be impacted by freezing spray,” said Lt. Joseph Phillips at NOAA’s Ocean Prediction Center in Maryland. “What we are learning is that freezing spray is a very difficult thing to forecast. A lot of it has to deal with what direction a ship is moving in, the size and shape of the ship, the wind conditions, you can have warm waters and cold temperatures and still get freezing spray.”

Forecasters from NOAA and Environment Canada are asking mariners for help in reporting icing conditions in Alaska, the Northeast and the Great Lakes regions.

“Right now we just want to hear if there is freezing spray or not. But more information like the icing conditions, ice accretion rate, air temperature, sea and wind conditions, relative humidity all that information is great,” Phillips told KMXT.

“Then we can start tweaking and understanding why we’re not forecasting or over forecasting, maybe adjust the models we are using here and there. And that will translate into a better forecast and warning system for this condition.”